Farmers' Adaptation Strategy to Environmental Protection Policy: A Qualitative Approach in the Dairy Farming Sector

Abstract

This study examines the adaptation strategies of dairy farmers to environmental protection policies, employing a qualitative approach to uncover the complex and varied responses within the sector. Through semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and participant observations, the research identifies key strategies adopted by farmers, including technological innovations, sustainable farming practices, diversification, and active policy engagement. Technological advancements such as automated milking systems and methane digesters, along with sustainable practices like rotational grazing and organic farming, emerge as effective means for reducing environmental impact while maintaining productivity. However, farmers face significant challenges, including economic pressures, knowledge and skill gaps, and regulatory barriers. Economic incentives, support programs, and growing market opportunities for sustainably produced dairy products present promising avenues for overcoming these challenges. The study highlights the importance of clear, consistent policies and comprehensive training programs to facilitate successful adaptation. The findings underscore the need for involving farmers in policy development and fostering collaborations with NGOs and research institutions to enhance the sustainability of the dairy farming sector. This research contributes valuable insights into the practical implications of environmental policies and offers recommendations for improving their effectiveness and farmer compliance.